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A D V E R T I S E M E N T
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
The dorsal wall of the abdomen in the right upper quadrant is lined by the muscular skirt of the diaphragm which attaches to the margin of the rib cage where it interdigitates with the transversus abdominus muscle. Medially, two muscular diaphragmatic crura arise from the sides of the upper lumbar vertebral bodies. The right crus forms the majority of the esophageal hiatus. The right kidney overlies two fibrous arches between the right crus and the transversus muscle. Beneath these arches, the quadratus lumborum and psoas muscles descend toward the pelvis. Centrally, the aorta and inferior vena cava extend into the abdominal space, riding the ridge of the lumbar vertebral bodies. The vena cava receives the hepatic veins and penetrates the diaphragm high in the central tendon to reach the base of the heart immediately above. The aorta emerges between the two diaphragmatic crura at the T12 level and immediately gives off the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery anterior to L1.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
The limiting outer membrane of the abdominal cavity is the endoabdominal fascia. It is properly named regionally, eg. diaphragmatic, endopelvic, iliopsoas fascia, but is commonly referred to by the name transversalis fascia after that part that lines the transversus abdominus muscle. The genitourinary structures and great vessels lie anterior to the transversalis fascia.
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A D V E R T I S E M E N T
The genitourinary structures are enclosed in an additional envelope of renal (Gerota's) fascia. The posterior layer of renal fascia lies on the transversalis fascia and extends across the midline between the vertebral bodies and great vessels.
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This page was last modified on 3/1/1999.
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