The aponeurotic portion of the external oblique
muscle forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal. Its lower fibers constitute
the inguinal ligament. It splits into medial and lateralcrura
around the spermatic cord at the pubic tubercle. The medial continuation
of the aponeurosis fuses with the deep layer of anterior rectus sheath, The fusion takes place over the middle of the muscle, not at its edge, thus
leaving a fascial cleft over the lateral portion of rectus muscle.
A hernia is a defect in a boundary layer the transversalis
fascia in the case of the inguinal region through which contents can protrude.
The protrusions stretch the surrounding abdominal wall layers. Patency and
dilatation of the embryonic processus vaginalis results in an indirect
hernia which opens through the deep ring lateral to the inferior epigastric
vessels. A direct hernia is a weakness of the inguinal floor between
epigastric vessels, falx and inguinal ligament (Hesselbach's triangle). A femoral hernia is a dilatation of the femoral canal medial to the
femoral vessels within the femoral sheath.
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