The view of the left pulmonary hilum (anterior to right) shows the relationships of the left pulmonary artery (PA), left main bronchus (B), superior (SPV) and inferior (IPV) pulmonary vein. The visceral pleura reflects off the medial surface of the lung to surround the hilar structures. The caudal leaves of the hilar pleura from the inferior pulmonary ligament connecting the lower lobe to the mediastinum. The location of the inferior pulmonary vein puts it at risk when the inferior pulmonary ligament is divided
The relationships of the mediastinal structures to the medial surface of the left lung are shown. Note the groove for the aorta posteriorly, the heart impression on the lingula and medial basal segment of the lower lobe, and the impressions of trachea, esophagus and great vessels above the hilum.
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