In addition, there was a spina bifida occulta at L5, with absent pars interarticularis and facet on the right, and compensatory hypertrophy of the superior articular facet on the left.
Each lumbar vertebra consists of a weight bearing body anteriorly, and a posterior arch consisting of pedicles, lamina, spine, superior and inferior articular processes and facets, and transverse processes. The connections of articular processes maintain the antero-posterior alignment of the spine. The spinal foramen is enclosed by the body and the arch, and the spinal canal is constituted by the spinal foramina of all the vertebrae. Impingement on the spinal canal by acquired or congenital bony deformity can cause neurologic symptoms.
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The vertebrae are interconnected by a robust anterior longitudinal ligament, a smaller posterior longitudinal ligament, and the ligamentum flavum between successive laminae posteriorly.
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