More commonly, the bowel is thickened and dilated. This is believed to result from exposure of the bowel to amniotic fluid and not from exposure to air after birth. Some experts advocate early delivery to try to avoid this. The more thickened and dilated the bowel, the more difficult it is to reduce into the abdomen and the longer it takes to begin to function.
Atresia results from a vascular accident to the herniated bowel. This image shows a portion of bowel that has no connection to the bowel in the abdomen. It is a blind pouch on a vascular stalk. Atresia and undescended testes are the two complications associated with gastroschisis, but they occur less than 10% of the time.
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60% - 70% of the time, the abdominal contents can be returned to the abdomen primarily. To facilitate this, the defect often has to be extended. Fingers are also used to gently stretch the abdominal wall to make more room. Care must be taken to avoid tearing the abdominal wall musculature.
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